platewithhole-nurbs.py¶
In this script we solve the same infinite plane strain problem as in platewithhole.py, but instead of using FCM to create the hole we use a NURBS-based mapping. A detailed description of the testcase can be found in Hughes et al., Isogeometric analysis: CAD, finite elements, NURBS, exact geometry and mesh refinement, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Elsevier, 2005, 194, 4135-4195.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | from nutils import mesh, function, solver, export, cli, testing
import numpy, treelog
def main(nrefine:int, traction:float, radius:float, poisson:float):
'''
Horizontally loaded linear elastic plate with IGA hole.
.. arguments::
nrefine [2]
Number of uniform refinements starting from 1x2 base mesh.
traction [.1]
Far field traction (relative to Young's modulus).
radius [.5]
Cut-out radius.
poisson [.3]
Poisson's ratio, nonnegative and strictly smaller than 1/2.
'''
|
create the coarsest level parameter domain
30 31 32 33 34 35 | domain, geom0 = mesh.rectilinear([1, 2])
bsplinebasis = domain.basis('spline', degree=2)
controlweights = numpy.ones(12)
controlweights[1:3] = .5 + .25 * numpy.sqrt(2)
weightfunc = bsplinebasis.dot(controlweights)
nurbsbasis = bsplinebasis * controlweights / weightfunc
|
create geometry function
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 | indices = [0,2], [1,2], [2,1], [2,0]
controlpoints = numpy.concatenate([
numpy.take([0, 2**.5-1, 1], indices) * radius,
numpy.take([0, .3, 1], indices) * (radius+1) / 2,
numpy.take([0, 1, 1], indices)])
geom = (nurbsbasis[:,numpy.newaxis] * controlpoints).sum(0)
radiuserr = domain.boundary['left'].integral((function.norm2(geom) - radius)**2 * function.J(geom0), degree=9).eval()**.5
treelog.info('hole radius exact up to L2 error {:.2e}'.format(radiuserr))
|
refine domain
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 | if nrefine:
domain = domain.refine(nrefine)
bsplinebasis = domain.basis('spline', degree=2)
controlweights = domain.project(weightfunc, onto=bsplinebasis, geometry=geom0, ischeme='gauss9')
nurbsbasis = bsplinebasis * controlweights / weightfunc
ns = function.Namespace()
ns.x = geom
ns.lmbda = 2 * poisson
ns.mu = 1 - poisson
ns.ubasis = nurbsbasis.vector(2)
ns.u_i = 'ubasis_ni ?lhs_n'
ns.X_i = 'x_i + u_i'
ns.strain_ij = '(u_i,j + u_j,i) / 2'
ns.stress_ij = 'lmbda strain_kk δ_ij + 2 mu strain_ij'
ns.r2 = 'x_k x_k'
ns.R2 = radius**2 / ns.r2
ns.k = (3-poisson) / (1+poisson) # plane stress parameter
ns.scale = traction * (1+poisson) / 2
ns.uexact_i = 'scale (x_i ((k + 1) (0.5 + R2) + (1 - R2) R2 (x_0^2 - 3 x_1^2) / r2) - 2 δ_i1 x_1 (1 + (k - 1 + R2) R2))'
ns.du_i = 'u_i - uexact_i'
sqr = domain.boundary['top,bottom'].integral('(u_i n_i)^2 d:x' @ ns, degree=9)
cons = solver.optimize('lhs', sqr, droptol=1e-15)
sqr = domain.boundary['right'].integral('du_k du_k d:x' @ ns, degree=20)
cons = solver.optimize('lhs', sqr, droptol=1e-15, constrain=cons)
|
construct residual
77 | res = domain.integral('ubasis_ni,j stress_ij d:x' @ ns, degree=9)
|
solve system
80 | lhs = solver.solve_linear('lhs', res, constrain=cons)
|
vizualize result
83 84 85 | bezier = domain.sample('bezier', 9)
X, stressxx = bezier.eval(['X_i', 'stress_00'] @ ns, lhs=lhs)
export.triplot('stressxx.png', X, stressxx, tri=bezier.tri, hull=bezier.hull, clim=(numpy.nanmin(stressxx), numpy.nanmax(stressxx)))
|
evaluate error
88 89 90 91 | err = domain.integral('<du_k du_k, du_i,j du_i,j>_n d:x' @ ns, degree=9).eval(lhs=lhs)**.5
treelog.user('errors: L2={:.2e}, H1={:.2e}'.format(*err))
return err, cons, lhs
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If the script is executed (as opposed to imported), nutils.cli.run()
calls the main function with arguments provided from the command line. For
example, to keep with the default arguments simply run python3
platewithhole-nurbs.py
(view log).
98 99 | if __name__ == '__main__':
cli.run(main)
|
Once a simulation is developed and tested, it is good practice to save a few
strategic return values for regression testing. The nutils.testing
module, which builds on the standard unittest
framework, facilitates
this by providing nutils.testing.TestCase.assertAlmostEqual64()
for the
embedding of desired results as compressed base64 data.
107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 | class test(testing.TestCase):
@testing.requires('matplotlib')
def test0(self):
err, cons, lhs = main(nrefine=0, traction=.1, radius=.5, poisson=.3)
with self.subTest('l2-error'):
self.assertAlmostEqual(err[0], .00199, places=5)
with self.subTest('h1-error'):
self.assertAlmostEqual(err[1], .02269, places=5)
with self.subTest('constraints'): self.assertAlmostEqual64(cons, '''
eNpjYGBoQIIggMZXOKdmnHRe3vjh+cvGDAwA6w0LgQ==''')
with self.subTest('left-hand side'): self.assertAlmostEqual64(lhs, '''
eNpjYJh07qLhhnOTjb0vTDdmAAKVcy/1u85lGYforQDzFc6pGSedlzd+eP4ykA8AvkQRaA==''')
@testing.requires('matplotlib')
def test2(self):
err, cons, lhs = main(nrefine=2, traction=.1, radius=.5, poisson=.3)
with self.subTest('l2-error'):
self.assertAlmostEqual(err[0], .00009, places=5)
with self.subTest('h1-error'):
self.assertAlmostEqual(err[1], .00286, places=5)
with self.subTest('constraints'): self.assertAlmostEqual64(cons, '''
eNpjYGBoIAKCwCBXp3kuysDjnLXR+3NPjTzPqxrnAnHeeQvjk+dTjZ9d2GG85soJYwYGAPkhPtE=''')
with self.subTest('left-hand side'): self.assertAlmostEqual64(lhs, '''
eNpjYOg890mv85yM4axz0kYHz+00Yj6vZJxzPtWY+0KPMffFucaml+caMwBB5LlCvYhzCw0qzu0wPHyu
0sjlPIsx14VoY/6LvcaxlxYZz7myCKzO+dwWPZdzBwzqz20z/Hguxmj2+TtGHRdsjHdfbDB2v7zUeMXV
pWB1VucC9B3OORmuOCdhZHR+ktGu87eNbC6oGstfLDA+eWm1seG19WB1Buf+6ruce2p469wco9Dzb4wm
n2c23nZe3djqQqpx88XNxrOv7gOr0zwXZeBxztro/bmnRp7nVY1zgTjvvIXxSaBfnl3YYbzmygmgOgDU
Imlr''')
|